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Window Types
Windows may not be the first thing you daydream about - apart from when they need cleaning, but we do often think about windows at Berry Bright. There are many different types of window designs that exist. Here are some of the most common windows we clean at Berry Bright.
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Single Hung Window (Sash Window)
A popular window throughout Cardiff, traced back to the Georgian era. Single-hung windows have two sashes (the part of the window that holds the glass pane), one fixed sash on top and the bottom movable sash, which can slide up and down. Single-hung windows are rectangular in shape in a vertical orientation. We often find singe-hung windows within new constructions, office buildings and residential and apartment complexes.
Double-Hung Window
Another popular window in Cardiff, traced back to the Georgian era. Double-hung windows are similar to single-hung windows, but instead of only the bottom sash being movable, both sashes can be moved. This makes a double-hung windows much better for ventilation, as the two sashes can be moved independently, even tilted inward for cleaning the windows. Double-hung windows are one of the most popular window types in the world. They can be used in any type of architecture, from traditional to modern properties.
Casement Window
A popular window amongst Cardiff homeowners, casement windows are hinged at the side, allowing them to swing outwards. A casement window can be operated by a handle or lever, usually at arm level, and a fold-away mechanism called a casement stay or crank at the bottom to hold the window in an open position. An excellent choice of window for letting in the sunlight and fresh air. Casement windows are also highly energy-efficient, as the sash is flush to the window frame when closed, preventing any air leakage.
Hopper Window
Hopper windows - similar to awning windows, they have hinges on either the top or the bottom, and they can open inward, from 45 degrees to 90 degrees. They’re commonly found in basements and on top of walls near where the ceiling meets the wall. Hopper windows are usually in a horizontal rectangular shape and strongly constructed to withstand strong winds. Because of their expansive panel that opens in one go, these windows offer ease of access and help improve air circulation within any room. Hoppers get their name from their shape when opened, similar to that of a hopper or a chute.
Centre Pivot Window
A pivot window is essentially a casement window with another opening mechanism. Centre pivot windows have sashes that pivot in the center of the frame when opened. This unique structure brings plenty of light and fresh air into any area, although some modern double-hung windows have also made strides into incorporating this mechanism into their panels. Center pivot windows are also usually equipped with top-operated panels, making them easy to open and access.
Transom Window
Transom windows got their name from where they’re usually installed - over the transom, which is the area over a door or a big window.
Transom windows came into being during the medieval ages. Traditionally, transom windows come in a rectangular shape, but most modern transom windows today are available in a wide range of shapes and sizes. Typically they don’t open, but some window manufacturers can make transom windows that can be operated for additional ventilation. Fanlights or half-moon windows are a subdivision of transom windows, which are arched and decorative.
Bay Window
Bay windows have their roots in the mansions of the English Renaissance period in the late 15th century to the early 17th century. During this time, the majority of them were oriel windows, a form of bay window that extends from a building's wall but doesn't touch the ground. Typically oriel windows are on the 1st floor of properties, however at Berry Bright, we actually have oriel windows on our ground floor office, which is much less common. Bay windows usually consist of three window panels of two flanking units and one central unit. Polygonal bay windows are the most common, in which there are two or more flanking units and a central unit that’s fixed and can’t be operated.
Bow Window
Bow windows are quite similar to bay windows, however are often bigger and wider and are usually in an arc shape - the shape of a bow.
The benefits of bow windows are similar to that of bay windows, allowing more interior space and much more light in to the room than a typical flat wall would. Many people will call bow windows a bay window. Bow windows also form a ledge inside, like a bay window, which can be used for seating and storage.
Jalousie Window
A jalousie window is also known as a louver window, they take their name from the French word for “jealousy,” as it’s meant to screen something from view. Jalousie windows are made up of multiple slats of glass and work just like plantation shutters. You operate it by turning a crank, and all the slats will open together. The obvious benefit with a jalousie window is they are great for letting a breeze in whilst protecting the interior from rain with the option to open the slats fully to improve the air circulation within a room, especially in the hot summer months.
Garden Window
Garden windows are similar to bow windows, only more often much smaller. They are shaped like a box and sit outward from the wall. Garden windows give the greenhouse effect, with glass on every panel and most of them will will open outwards on the side panels, which provides a great source of ventilation for your home. This can help improve your indoor air quality. Garden windows look great, offer extra space and adds to your view, we believe.
Glass Block Window
Glass blocks are individual blocks of glass sealed together with mortar. Great for privacy, insulation and allowing the light in. More common in older buildings but can also be found in more modern buildings. Very popular in the early 1900s with factories and warehouses.
Modern glass blocks come in several styles and dimensions, making them an effective aesthetic element.
Storm Window
Storm windows are secondary windows and usually installed on the outside of an existing window, however they can also be installed on the inside of the window. Storm windows are designed mainly to protect against the harmful effects of weather. For that purpose, they create a reliable seal that keeps the elements at bay while regulating interior temperature. Typically manufactured out of durable materials such as glass, rigid plastic, and flexible plastic sheets.
Egress Window
Egress windows are normally required for basements as they are large enough to use for emergency exits. Egress windows open to a small area outside the house. They also serve as an entry point in an emergency.
The International Residential Code mandates egress window dimensions for safety and consistency across any type of dwelling.
Skylight Window
Skylights are installed in a roof or ceiling, allowing plenty of natural daylight into the property. A skylight can turn an average room, with limited sunlight into a bright and welcome space. Aside from the light and views the skylight offers, they also help save energy by naturally brightening dark areas and reducing the need to use lighting within the property. The skylight is a popular window with many home owners all over Cardiff and the surrounding areas.
Round Window
Round windows are also called rose windows. A round window will often have wrought iron arms from the centre. Popular in Gothic architecture and more so in churches, but they have also been used in homes throughout Cardiff for generations. Round windows are often customised in terms of color, pattern and finish.
Radius Window
Radius windows have an arched shape on the top half and a rectangular shape on the bottom half. Some homeowners simply call them arched windows. Because of its hybrid nature. These windows add glamor to any home or building and often function as an uncovered transom, giving interior spaces lots of natural light. Unlike other window types, radius windows can be made operable to improve ventilation or fixed to only let in light, or subdivide the top half to be fixed and the bottom being operable, or the other way.
Lunette Window
Lunette windows often called half-moon windows. Half-moon windows can be seen on many traditional and historical architectures, such as Victorian buildings, as well as cathedrals, and museums. Masonry Lunette Windows are a unique architectural feature that has been used for centuries to bring air and light into a structure. It is a semi-circular window with a vertical plane that is typically used to frame a large expanse of sky or to provide a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape. The Lunette window has a curved top and is typically found in the upper or lower parts of a wall. They are often used to provide natural light and ventilation to an interior space while also allowing an unobstructed view of the outdoors.
Dormer Window
Dormer windows (or dormers) are windows that project vertically from a sloping roof. Dormers came from the French word “dormeor,” which means sleeping room. Dormer windows were originally used as windows for an attic space beneath the roof, used as sleeping quarters in 1500s.
Dormers can take the form of various window types, such as double-hung, casement, and even arched. Aside from being a great source of daylight, they are also known for the extra space they create.
Oriel Window
An oriel window is a variation of a bay window that is commonly used in the upper floors supported by corbels, brackets, or any other similar structures. It gives a panoramic view of the outside while adding elegance to the property. Like bay windows, oriels extend the room’s interior space to which they are attached, often a nook adjacent to the interior walls of the window. Oriels are common on Queen Anne buildings, enhancing their architectural symmetry, which is a distinct feature of this style.
Cottage Window
A cottage window is a double-hung window (a window with two sashes) sliding up and down, hung with one atop the other in the same frame in which the upper sash is smaller than the lower one. Some people may prefer a cottage-style casement window since they can allow more ventilation and natural light into your home with both windows opening fully outwards.
Two-Panel Slider Window
Two-panel sliding windows, also double horizontal sliders, are sliding windows that feature two sashes that can be opened by sliding from side to side. Typically, horizontal sliders will have one slider where as the two-panel slider is superior in terms of accessibility and ventilation. They're excellent space-saving windows given they don't take up any interior or exterior space while open. Simple and elegant, they complement both old and modern architecture.
Three-Panel Slider Window
Three-panel sliders are typically wider than the two-panel sliders. This type of window has a fixed middle, while the other two on the sides slide to the center to open. Apart from the extended panels, it comes with all the advantages of a two-panel slider, such as low maintenance, ease of use, and space-saving features. PVC and metal are some of the most common framing materials used for this type of sliding window.
Picture Window
Picture windows have thin frames and large glass areas that allow for great views, much like a big picture frame. More often seen in large areas such as living rooms and master bedrooms and common in apartment complexes and commercial high rise facilities across the city. Picture windows have tight seals around their edges, making them great for the winter months.
Fixed Window
Fixed windows are an umbrella term for all windows that can’t be operated, such as a picture window. These windows are mainly used for letting in light and providing the best views. Many high-rise buildings across the city will have fixed widows. We have found that more and more residential properties will now have fixed windows around the property, with many acting as walls. We love them, they look great!
Awning Window
Awnings are similar to hoppers, just instead of opening in, they open out - from the top. Awning windows named for their shape once opened. A great window for listening to the rain with the window open, awning windows are operated with a turn of a fold-away crank. Like hoppers, they are also used in basements, but awnings are also found as near-roofline height windows for warehouses and storage sheds. They are also placed above certain window types, such as picture windows.
Tilt & Turn Window
A popular window in Cardiff for commercial and multiple occupancy buildings. Tilt and Turn windows feature a large sash, with thick frames on four sides. The window offers 3 positions. The open position, where it will turn open from the side hinges, like a door. The tilt position, where it mimics the functionality of hopper windows and of-course, the closed position which gives it the appearance of a picture window.
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French Doors
French doors - or French windows, are traditionally hinged on the side, opening onto a patio, garden, and building entrances. Due to their large size, they let in the maximum amount of light into any room and look fantastic on any home. Originally, French doors were made using wrought iron and wood before glass and other modern materials were introduced. Hailing from 16th century France, the popularity of French doors soon spread across Europe and beyond, making them a popular choice for many homes in Cardiff and it's surrounding areas today.
Palladian Window
Named after its inventor, Venetian architect Andrea Palladio in the 16th century, Palladian windows are among the most exceptionally beautiful windows a window cleaner can have the pleasure in cleaning. A Palladian window is the centre piece of any building. Divided into three parts; a big arched window at the center and two smaller rectangular windows on each side. Palladian windows are also called Serlian windows or Venetian windows.